#stayfitwithanand

One method of measuring the effectiveness of a resistance exercise program and calculating an appropriate exercise load for training is to determine a repetition maximum. This term was first reported decades ago by DeLorme in his investigations of an approach to resistance training called progressive resistive exercise (PRE).  A repetition maximum (RM) is defined as the greatest amount of weight (load) a muscle can move through the full, available ROM with control a specific number of times before fatiguing. Use of a repetition maximum.  There are two main reasons for determining a repetition maximum: To document a baseline measurement of the dynamic strength of a muscle or muscle group against which exercise-induced improvements in strength can be compared, To identify an initial exercise load (amount of weight) to be used during exercise for a specified number of repetitions. DeLorme reported use of a 1-RM (the greatest amount of weight a subject can move through the availa

Physical exercise may be used by physical therapists when dealing with either healthy individuals or with a variety of conditions. Physical therapists can be trained for aerobic exercise for people of all ages.  How does the Physical Therapist define FITNESS? Fitness is a general term used to describe physical work capacity. Cardiorespiratory control, muscle strength, and endurance, and musculoskeletal mobility are required to perform physical work. Also included in the definition of fitness is optimal body composition. In order to become physically fit, individuals must participate regularly in some form of physical activity that uses large muscle groups and challenges the cardio-respiratory system. Individuals of all ages can improve their overall fitness status by participating in activities such as walking, biking, running, swimming, climbing the stairs, cross-country skiing and/or weight training. Fitness levels can be described on a continuum from poor to hi

If you have a lower extremity injury or have had hip, knee, or ankle surgery, you may benefit from physical therapy to help you fully recover. Exercises may be prescribed to improve the mobility of your leg. The straight leg raise exercise is one of the physical therapy staples that can help improve your lower extremity strength and help improve your function related to walking. How to Perform SLR? 1. Sit or lie down on your back 2. Bend the knee of your non-affected leg to a 90-degree angle keeping your foot flat on the floor. 3. Tighten the muscles on your affected leg or straight leg by trying to contract your quadriceps muscles. 4. Keep your quadriceps muscles tightened, and then slowly lift the affected leg off the floor. it should be around in full range, approximately 15-18cm. it can be varied from patient to Patient. 5. hold the leg off. 6. slowly down the affected leg to the floor. 7. Relax and repeat. repetition may vary. ask your Physiotherapist for

What is the Fick Principle? The Fick principle and Fick equation are named after A. Fick, a cardiovascular physiologist who developed the principle in the 1870s. The amount of oxygen delivered to tissue can be calculated using the Fick principle. The Fick principle states that the amount of a substance removed from the blood passing through an organ per unit of time can be calculated by multiplying the blood flow through the organ times the arterial concentration minus the venous concentration of that substance.  The Fick principle can be used to calculate oxygen consumption for the entire body or for a specific tissue or organ. In the case of oxygen consumption for the entire body, the Fick principle results in the following equation:  VO₂ = Q × a-v O₂ difference  where  Q equals cardiac output and, a-v O₂ difference  equals arterial-mixed venous oxygen difference . This equation can be used to calculate oxygen consumption at rest, at submaximal worklo

Biceps brachii Commonly known as the biceps is a two-headed muscle that lies on the upper arm between the shoulder and the elbow. It is a large muscle. The biceps brachii muscle is one of the chief and prominent muscles of the arm. Origin:  Biceps brachii has two head. Short head originates from the tip of coracoid process of scapula; Long head originates from supraglenoid tubercle of scapula. Insertion: It is Inserted at Tuberosity of radius and fascia of forearm via bicipital aponeurosis . Action:  Supinates forearm and, when it is supine, flexes the forearm Nerve Supply:  Biceps brachii supplied by Musculocutaneous nerve (C5 and C6 ). Arterial Supply: Muscular branches of the brachial artery.

Movement in the spine and hip joint make it possible for the pelvis to be established in the variety of Positions. it may be inclined or tilted in anteroposterior directions, laterally or rotated. which is known as Pelvic Tilt. Types of Pelvic tilt anteroposterior Tilt lateral tilting Rotation of Pelvis 1) Antero-posterior Tilt:  pelvic tilt measurement is performed in three ways in the erect position. It is possible to measure the angle at which the imaginary line is drawn through the pubic symphysis and the lumbosacral angle in relation to the horizontal line. The pelvic tilt is said to be normal when the angle of the os pelvic tilt is between 50 ° and 60 ° when the anterior upper iliac spines and the symphysis pubis are in the same vertical plane.  The angle is measured by a pelvic inclinometer . One arm of the inclinometer on the symphysis and the other on the PSIS. The normal range is 30 °. The increased angle of pelvic tilt may be referred to as forwarding

Even something as common as a slightly sprained ankle requires therapy. Nearly every athlete or active person will at some point need physical therapy (PT) , which is the rehabilitation of an injury. Don’t shake your head. It doesn’t have to be a major injury, such as a broken bone. Even something as common as a slightly sprained ankle requires therapy. Ankle Sprains are among the most common in the lower limbs. It is usually caused by a low-velocity trauma such as twisting injuries, falls, car accidents and injuries related to sports activities. the ankle is one of the most complex joints in the human body in the lower limb as per anatomy. It has numerous bones, ligaments, and tendons. It’s definitely worth some research. Type “anatomy of the human ankle” into a search engine and you may be surprised at what you learn. For our purposes, let’s follow the timeline of a sprained ankle without PT. You first realize something is wrong with your ankle after an activity. Y

The following definitions are informational and Represent characteristics of open- chain exercises  and closed-chain exercises . they are presented for understanding and for the discussion of open-chain exercises and closed-chain exercises described throughout this Blog.it is also referred to as  kinetic exercise. Kinetic Exercise Refers to  body kinetic which is Representing the Kinematic changes occurring in rhythm in the body. Open-Chain Exercises Open-chain exercises involve motions in which the distal segment (hand or foot/the joint far from the joint where the movement is occurring) is free to move in space, without necessarily causing simultaneous motions at adjacent joints. Limb movement only occurs distal to the moving joint, and muscle activation occurs in the muscles that cross the moving joint.  For example, during knee flexion in an open-chain exercise. , the action of the hamstrings is independent of recruitment of other hip or ankle musculature in  k

The abnormal end feels, several of which have subdivisions and each of which is commonly associated with some degree of pain or restricted movement. classified in Five : 1) Muscle Spasm :  This end feel is invoked by movement, with a sudden dramatic arrest of movement often accompanied by pain. The end feel is sudden and hard. An early muscle spasm occurs early in the ROM, almost as soon as movement starts; this type of muscle spasm is associated with inflammation and is seen in more acute conditions. A late muscle spasm occurs at or near the end of the ROM. It is usually caused by instability and the resulting irritability caused by movement. 2) Capsular : this end feel is similar to tissue stretch. present earliest in ROM. ROM is reduced.  this end feel can be classified into hard capsular , in which the end feel has a thicker stretching quality to it, and soft capsular (boggy), which is similar to normal tissue stretch end feel but with a restricted ROM.

What Is Posture? Posture is the attitude assumed by the body either with support during muscular inactivity, or by means of coordinated action of many muscles working to maintain stability. WHAT IS  INACTIVE POSTURE? These are attitudes adopted for resting or sleeping, and they are most suitable for this purpose when all the essential muscular activity required to maintain life is reduced to a minimum. The posture used for training and general relaxation fulfills these conditions. ACTIVE POSTURE  the integrated action of many muscles is required to maintain active postures, which may be static or dynamic.  1. STATIC POSTURE  2. DYNAMIC POSTURE STATIC POSTURE   a constant pattern of posture is maintained by the interaction of groups of muscles which work more or less statically to stabilize the joints, and in opposition to gravity or other forces.  DYNAMIC POSTURE   For the movement, the pattern of the posture is constantly modified and adjusted

Active exercise is an exercise in which the patient exerts force to complete an action, e.g. standing up from the bed. The Physiotherapist is typically a supervisor and provides little to no assistance to the patient unless a problem arises i.e. fall. OR The movement performed within the unrestricted ROM controlled by the voluntary contraction of the muscle is known by Active Movement in Physiotherapy. Classification of Active Movement 1- Active assisted exercise:  In which assistance is provided by an outside force, either manual or mechanical when muscle strength is inadequate to complete the motion. 2- Active free exercise:  In which the voluntary contraction of the muscle can perform full ROM against gravity. 3- Active resisted exercise:  In which the voluntary contraction of the muscle is resisted by an outside force.