The peroneus muscles in the human body

The peroneus muscles are consist of three muscles and it also called fibularis. Peroneus is derived from the Greek word for fibula, indicating the location of the peroneal muscles.

1. Peroneus Tertius (fibularis Tertius)

2. Peroneus brevis ( fibularis brevis)

3. Peroneus longus (fibularis longus)

1. Peroneus Tertius (fibularis Tertius)

Origin – anterior distal fibula(with extensor digitorum longus)

Insertion – the base of 5^th metatarsal

Nerve supply – deep peroneal nerve(l4,5,s1)

Action – eversion of the foot, assist dorsiflexion

Palpation – tendon palpated lateral to extensor digitorum longus tendon on dorsum of foot at base of 5^th metatarsal.

This muscle functions to place the foot flat on the ground by raising the lateral border.

Peroneus brevis (fibularis brevis)

Origin – lateral shaft of the fibula (lower 2/3)

Insertion – the base of 5^th metatarsal

Nerve supply- superficial peroneal nerve (l4,5,s1)

Blood supply –

Action – eversion of the foot, assist plantar flexion of the ankle

Palpation- tendon palpated on the lateral dorsum of the foot where it inserts on the tuberosity at the proximal end of 5^th metatarsal. It is closest to the malleolus and stands out more than the peroneus longus tendon

The action of the foot evertors is especially helpful when walking or running on an uneven surface. Sometimes the muscles “give out and a the sprained ligament can result.

3. Peroneus longus (fibularis longus)

Origin – head and lateral shaft of the fibula (upper 2/3)

Insertion - the base of 1^st metatarsal and 1^st cuneiform

Nerve supply – superficial peroneal nerve (l4,5,s1)

Action – eversion of the foot, assist plantar flexion of the ankle

Palpation – lateral surface of proximal half od lower leg tendon palpated just above and behind lateral malleolus, slightly posterior to peroneus brevis tendon.

Peroneus longus traverses the sole of the foot to meet the tibialis anterior tendon tp form a stirrup for the foot.

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